Obtention, fabrication, caractérisation et application d’une plante locale dans le domaine de la cosmétique.

Abstract

Myrtus communis L. is an aromatic and medicinal plant widely found in Algeria and used in traditional medicine for treating certain skin diseases, eliminating bacterial infections, and oxidation. It is also utilized in the cosmetics industry.The aim of this study is a phytochemical investigation and evaluation of biological activities extracted from the aerial parts (leaves and fruits) of Myrtus communis L.Extraction was conducted using three methods (maceration, Soxhlet extraction, and hydrodistillation), followed by phytochemical tests and estimation of total polyphenol content using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH assay, and antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated using the disc diffusion method. Phytochemical tests of plant parts revealed the presence of several secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, coumarin, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, sterols, triterpenes, and reducing compounds. Total polyphenol content was estimated as (161.66 mg/g(for leaves and (104.25 mg/g( for fruits.The antioxidant activity of leaf and fruit extracts of Myrtus communis L. was evaluated, with results showing (0.8 mg/mL) for leaves and 1.4 mg/mL) for fruits.The leaf and fruit extracts of Myrtus communis L. exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli showed relatively low sensitivity. Evaluation of antifungal activity revealed no activity against Candida albicans, Fusarium sp., and Aspergillus niger.