ETUDE DES PARAMETRES PHYSICO-CHIMIQUES DES BLES CULTIVES AU NORD DE LA WILAYA DE MILA

Abstract

In Algeria, wheat is often considered an important cereal because of its wide consumption, it is particularly representative of the main diet. This work is based on the study of nine varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf) and four varieties of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum) which are grown in the northern zone of the wilaya of Mila under a humid bioclimatic floor. The experimental protocol was installed by the Technical Institute of Large Crops I.T.G.C. The purpose of this study is to analyze the genotypic effect of some wheat varieties through the estimation of technological quality in order to choose the best genotypes. The results obtained indicate that the (Amar) genotype of durum wheat has excellent values with respect to all the parameters studied. The (Gta dur) genotype recorded the highest protein rate (16.5%) as well as the (Simito) genotype which gave the best wet gluten content (27.16%). The study of the technological parameters of soft wheat varieties shows that the (Tiddis) genotype has the highest protein rate (17.5%), and the AS genotype records the best wet gluten rate (26.3%). Moreover, the (HD1220) genotype expresses the best starch content (63.7%). Statistical analysis of the data reveals a significant genotypic effect on most of the variables evaluated. Indeed, the results obtained confirm that each variety has a specific behavior relative to the environmental conditions.