Etude histologique et caractérisation chimique d’une Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbia helioscopia L.) dans la région de Ferdjioua à Mila

Abstract

The objective of our work is the pedological, histological study and chemical caracter of different bioactive families existing in Euphorbia helioscopia L. then the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of extract obtained from the stems, leaves and roots taken from the region of Ferdjioua, wilaya of Mila (North-East of Algeria). The soil study demonstrates that the favorable soil for development is with a soil alkalin, very salty, silty clay and high total limestone. The histological study shows the existence of the primary and secondary structures of the different plant tissues in all parts of the plant. The crude ethanolic extract was obtained by maceration for 03 days, the various phytochemical screening tests highlighted the presence of flavonoids (the stems is richer than the leaves and the roots.), Carbohydrates; anthocyanin, polyphenols, alkaloids, tannins in the parts (stems, leaves and roots) of the plant and cardinolides (stem), by against the absence of saponosides, leuco anthocyanins and free anthraquinones. The results obtained by the antibacterial activity show that the two strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus have a high sensitivity with deferent oncentration of our extract (zone of inhibition of 9.7 to 12.35 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 11.43 to 13, 23 mm for Staphylococcus). On the other hand a low sensitivity for E.Coli. (8.5 to 12.66 mm)