الأقطاب الجزائية المستحدثة في الجزائر و دورها في مكافحة الجريمة

Abstract

The newly established penal poles in Algeria and their role in combating crime The subject of our study in this research on the new penal poles and their role in combating crimes is of both theoretical and practical importance, as we explain the efforts of the Algerian legislator to develop the judiciary and increase its effectiveness. The theoretical aspect shows the efforts of the Algerian legislator to develop the judiciary and increase its effectiveness to combat certain types of serious crimes, similar to other international legislations. This enables them to consider certain offences at the national level. Our study aims tfy the specialised national penal poles by knowing the nature and concept of penal poles, the reasons and objectives for their stablishment, as well as identifying the crimes that fall within their jurisdiction. Not forgetting the subjective and objective objectives and reasons that prompted us to engage in this research. The subjective objectives are the desire, personal inclinations and interest in researching this type of topic, while the objective objectives are its importance, its novelty and its distance from the area of scientific consumption, and the research on this topic would clarify the level of development of the Algerian penal procedural policy and the extent to which it keeps pace with the challenges of the era of information crime. Moreover, this topic is characterised by its procedural nature.o identify the specialised national penal poles by knowing the nature and concept of penal poles, the reasons and objectives for their establishment, as well as identifying the crimes that fall within their jurisdiction. Not forgetting the subjective and objective objectives and reasons that prompted us to engage in this research. The subjective objectives are the desire, personal inclinations and interest in researching this type of topic, while the objective objectives are its importance, its novelty and its distance from the area of scientific consumption, and the research on this topic would clarify the level of development of the Algerian penal procedural policy and the extent to which it keeps pace with the challenges of the era of information crime. Moreover, this topic is characterised by its procedural nature. To study this topic, we relied on several methods, the first of which is the analytical method by analysing the legal texts related to the study, in addition to the inductive method in order to observe the elements of the topic and identify all its parts and facts related to it, as well as the comparative method by comparing the judicial work before and after the introduction of the penal poles. We relied on several methods to collect data, including: Questionnaires, observations, analysis of legal texts and induction. The main findings: The aforementioned law defines the offences that fall within the urisdiction of these poles, including: Drug crimes, transnational organised crime, crimes targeting automated data processing systems, money laundering crimes, terrorism crimes, as well as crimes related to exchange legislation. Established by Law No. 04-14 of 10 November 2004, Specialised Criminal Poles are judicial institutions with extended local jurisdiction, empowered to deal exclusively with specific crimes stipulated in the Code of Criminal Procedure. The establishment of specialised criminal courts was for several main reasons, including relieving pressure on other criminal chambers, expediting the handling of financial corruption cases, and overcoming the shortcomings of the exceptional judiciary in dealing with some forms of crime that necessitated its establishment. This type of justice also contributes to improving the quality of judicial performance by adapting justice to national and international realities and working to modernise it in line with contemporary developments. The Algerian legislature has set multiple objectives for the establishment of specialised penal districts, which include forming specialised judicial bodies, improving the effectiveness of the judicial system, enhancing the specialisation of judges, and developing specialised training programmes.