صلاحيات رئيس الجمهورية وفقا للتعديل الدستوري2020

Abstract

Despite the succession of constitutions in Algeria since independence, the position of the President of the Republic has continued to occupy a pivotal role in the political system, serving as the cornerstone in managing the affairs of the state both internally and externally, and as the primary authority responsible for shaping and directing the country’s general policy, based on the political legitimacy derived from election by direct universal suffrage. The 2020 Constitution further reinforced this role more explicitly by granting the President broad and diverse powers, enabling him to lead institutions and intervene in various areas of authority, whether executive, legislative, or judicial.Through the analysis of the relevant constitutional provisions, it becomes clear that the constitutional drafter firmly established the role of the President as a central actor with direct influence over decision-making and public policy, both at the domestic and international levels. The 2020 Constitution also introduced new powers that reflect a significant shift in his position within the political system, most notably the possibility of deploying units of the People’s National Army abroad as part of peacekeeping missions—marking a new direction in Algeria’s constitutional policy, while adhering to legal conditions and parliamentary oversight. Although the 2020 Constitution includes oversight mechanisms aimed at achieving a degree of balance between powers, the Algerian political system still clearly leans toward a concentration of executive authority in the hands of the President, with most sensitive and strategic powers remaining under his personal control. Ultimately, the effectiveness of these powers depends on how they are exercised and the extent to which they comply with constitutional constraints, contributing to the preservation of institutional balance and ensuring the proper functioning of the political system within the framework of the rule of law and in service of the public interest.