Enquête ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales utilisées dans la région du Nord-Est Algérien

Abstract

The use of medicinal plants remains widespread in many communities, where they play a fundamental role in primary healthcare due to their accessibility, perceived effectiveness, and deep cultural roots. Despite the rise of modern medicine, traditional knowledge continues to be passed down through generations. This study aims to inventory and document the medicinal plants used by the inhabitants of Mila Province, to examine their therapeutic roles, analyze how traditional knowledge is transmitted, and assess the impact of modern medicine on local phytotherapeutic practices. A field ethnobotanical survey was conducted using 200 questionnaires across five municipalities: Mila center, Chigara, Grarem Gouga, Sidi Merouane, and Amira Arres. The results revealed 96 species of medicinal plants belonging to 46 different botanical families. The most represented families were Lamiaceae (57 species, 38%) and Asteraceae (25 species, 16%). Women were the primary users (78%), with leaves being the most commonly used part. The most frequent preparation method was decoction (31%), followed by infusion (26%). These remedies were mainly administered orally. The highest number of species were used to treat digestive system issues, followed by nervous system disorders. Documenting this traditional knowledge is vital for preserving and intangible heritage threatened by modernization and for promoting complementary therapeutic practices based on local biodiversity.