Diversité et structure de la myrmécofaune dans la région de Grarem Gouga (Wilaya de Mila).

Abstract

Our study aims to assess the diversity and structure of ant communities (Formicidae) in the district of Grarem Gouga (Mila Province, Algeria). Between February and April 2025, surveys were conducted in two contrasting habitats: an olive grove and an uncultivated plot. A total of 19 species belonging to 11 genera and 3 subfamilies (Myrmicinae, Formicinae, Dolichoderinae) were recorded. The Dolichoderinae subfamily dominated in terms of abundance, while the Myrmicinae, particularly the genus Messor, stood out for their species richness. The analysis revealed high biodiversity and a relatively balanced distribution of species, slightly more pronounced in the olive grove. The composition of communities differed significantly between the two sites, reflecting the influence of local ecological conditions. These findings highlight the value of ants as bioindicators and underline the need for further research on the regional myrmecofauna to effectively guide biodiversity conservation strategies in the Mila region.