Etude épidémiologique des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires durant la grossesse

Abstract

Pregnancy represents a critical period during which the maternal body undergoes profound physiological, immunological, metabolic, and neurobehavioral changes. These alterations may promote the onset or reactivation of various infectious and parasitic diseases, potentially impacting the health of both the mother and the fetus. This study adopts an epidemiological approach aimed at evaluating the prevalence of infectious and parasitic diseases during different stages of pregnancy, with a focus on the correlation between gestational age and vulnerability to such conditions. The analysis is based on several biological parameters, including blood glucose levels, hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, immunoglobulins G and M, and cytobacteriological examination of urine (CBEU). In addition, neurobehavioral indicators such as stress, sleep disturbances, anxiety, and emotional reactivity were assessed. The findings reveal that pregnant women, particularly during certain trimesters, exhibit increased susceptibility to infections and to metabolic and psychological disorders. These results highlight the complex interplay between the physiological adaptations of pregnancy and the immune, metabolic, and neuropsychological responses of the maternal organism. This study underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach that integrates infectious, metabolic, immunological, psychological, and neurobehavioral dimensions, in order to ensure optimal care for pregnant women throughout the gestational period.